Preparations before grape planting Management Grape fertilization method Grape pest control Grape pests and diseases, as a kind of fruit that is deeply loved by people, is not only delicious and delicious, but also has high nutritional value. In my country, grape planting areas are wide and there are many varieties. In order to achieve high yield and high quality of grapes, scientific and reasonable planting and fertilization methods are crucial. This article will introduce you in detail the relevant knowledge of grape planting and fertilization. Help you achieve a good grape harvest. Preparations before grape planting 1. Site selection and land preparation For grape planting, plots with good drainage, fertile soil and sufficient light should be selected. When preparing land, the soil should be dug deep to remove weeds, stones and other debris to ensure that the soil is loose.
2. Variety selection Select suitable grape varieties according to local climate, soil conditions and market demand. Common grape varieties include red grapes, rose fragrance, and Kyoho.
3. Planting time The best time for planting grapes is spring and autumn. Planting in spring has a longer growth cycle, which is conducive to the survival of the plants; planting in autumn has a shorter growth cycle, which is conducive to the flowering and fruit in the following year. Management during grape planting 1. When planting, ensure that the root system of grape seedlings is stretched, and water must be poured after covering with soil to keep the soil moist.
2. Grape pruning is divided into winter pruning and summer pruning. Winter pruning mainly removes sick and weak branches and excessively dense branches to maintain the tree shape; summer pruning mainly adjusts the growth direction of branches and vines to promote ventilation and light transmission.
3. Fertilization Grape fertilization is divided into basal fertilizer, topdressing and foliar fertilizer. The basal fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, such as chicken manure, cow dung, etc., and the application amount per mu is about 3,000 - 5,000 kg; the topdressing is mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and is applied at a timely time according to the growth stage. Fertilization methods for grapes 1. Fertilization principles (1) Organic fertilizer is the main source, supplemented by chemical fertilizer;(2) Reasonable mix of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to the growth stage of grapes;(3) The amount of fertilization should be moderate to avoid excessive amounts.
2. Fertilization method (1) Basic fertilizer: Before planting grapes, spread organic fertilizer evenly on the surface, deeply plowing the soil and apply it.
(2) Topdressing: During grape growth, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are topdressing at a timely time according to plant growth and soil nutrient status.
(3) Foliar fertilizer: In the later stage of grape growth, spray foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate to improve fruit quality. Grape pest and disease control 1. Disease control (1) Select disease-resistant varieties;(2) Strengthen field management and maintain ventilation and light transmission;(3) Remove sick and disabled bodies in time to reduce the spread of pathogens;(4) Pesticide control: Select appropriate chemicals for prevention and control according to the occurrence of diseases.
2. Pest control (1) Biological control: use natural enemies, insects and other organisms to control pests;(2) Physical control: use physical methods such as yellow boards and trap lights to trap and trap pests;(3) Pharmaceutical control: Choose appropriate chemicals according to the occurrence of pests.
Grape planting and fertilization is a systematic project that requires us to manage grapes scientifically and rationally based on factors such as growth habits, soil conditions, and climate characteristics. Through the above methods, I believe you will be able to achieve high yield, high quality and full harvest of grapes. fruit.