Perilla, also known as Perilla Leaf, is a common Chinese medicinal material and seasoning, loved by people for its unique medicinal value and aroma. Cultivating high-quality Perilla is not an easy task. This article will introduce you to the correct cultivation methods of Perilla, helping you avoid detours in the planting process.
Selecting Seeds and Planting Time1. Selecting Seeds: Choosing high-quality Perilla seeds is the first step to successful cultivation. It is recommended to choose varieties that are disease-resistant and high-yielding. Common Perilla varieties on the market include Perilla and Perilla Leaf. When selecting seeds, you can refer to authoritative industry reports, such as the "Manual of Chinese Medicinal Material Planting."
2. Planting Time: Perilla is suitable for planting in spring and autumn. Spring planting has a moderate temperature, which is conducive to the growth and development of Perilla; autumn planting allows for harvest in winter, extending the planting cycle.
Soil and Fertilizer1. Soil: Perilla is not strict about soil requirements, but it prefers well-drained, fertile sandy soil. Before planting, the soil needs to be deeply turned to increase its breathability and water retention.
2. Fertilizer: During the growth of Perilla, it requires a sufficient supply of nutrients. During the planting process, compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer can be applied every 20 days. When fertilizing, attention should be paid to controlling the amount to avoid burning the seedlings due to excessive fertilization.
Sowing and Transplanting1. Sowing: Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water to facilitate germination. Keep the soil moist during sowing, with a depth of about 1-2 centimeters. After sowing, cover with a thin layer of soil and keep the soil moist.
2. Transplanting: When the Perilla seedlings grow to about 10 centimeters, they can be transplanted. Before transplanting, choose a place with good ventilation and plenty of sunlight. When transplanting, protect the root system to avoid damage.
Field Management1. Watering: Perilla prefers a humid environment and requires the soil to be kept moist during growth. In dry seasons, the watering frequency can be increased appropriately, but be careful to avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot.
2. Weeding: During the growth of Perilla, weeds should be removed in a timely manner to prevent them from competing with Perilla for nutrients.
3. Pest and Disease Control: Perilla is susceptible to pests such as aphids and red spiders. When pests or diseases are found, measures should be taken promptly, such as spraying pesticides or removing diseased leaves.
Harvesting and Processing1. Harvesting: Perilla is generally harvested 3-4 months after planting. Harvesting should be done on sunny days to avoid direct sunlight.
2. Processing: After harvesting, Perilla should be dried in the sun or dried in a dryer immediately. When drying in the sun, choose a ventilated and shaded place to avoid direct sunlight. When drying, control the temperature between 50-60℃.
The correct cultivation methods of Perilla involve selecting seeds, soil, fertilizer, sowing, transplanting, field management, harvesting, and processing. Mastering these methods is key to success in the planting process. It is hoped that this article can provide useful references for your journey in Perilla cultivation.