Bonsai, as one of the traditional art forms in our country, attracts the attention of numerous gardening enthusiasts with its unique charm and profound cultural heritage. Pruning is an important part of bonsai creation. It not only relates to the aesthetic appearance of the bonsai but also directly affects its growth and health. This article will comprehensively analyze various techniques for pruning bonsai and key points of maintenance to help you create exquisite bonsai artworks.
Basic principles of bonsai pruningUnderstanding some basic principles is crucial before pruning a bonsai. Pruning should follow the principle of 'removing the weak and retaining the strong, removing the diseased and retaining the healthy' to ensure the overall beauty and health of the bonsai. When pruning, consider the shape and proportions of the bonsai, striving to achieve the effect of 'three parts branching, seven parts cutting'.
Various techniques for pruning bonsai1. Branch pruning
Branch pruning is the most common operation in bonsai pruning. When pruning, select the appropriate tools such as scissors, saws, etc. The following points should be noted during pruning:
(1) The cut should be smooth to avoid causing wounds;
(2) Remove diseased, weak, intersecting, and overly long branches;
(3) Retain the main branches, control the number of lateral branches, and make the bonsai layers distinct.
2. Trunk pruning
Trunk pruning mainly focuses on shaping and adjusting the proportions of the trunk. When pruning, the following methods can be adopted:
(1) Remove the diseased and decayed parts of the trunk;
(2) Adjust the thickness and curvature of the trunk according to its shape;
(3) Retain the aerial roots on the trunk to increase the natural feel of the bonsai.
3. Leaf pruning
Leaf pruning mainly involves adjusting the shape, size, and number of leaves. The following methods can be used when pruning:
(1) Remove diseased, yellowed, and deformed leaves;
(2) Adjust the size and distribution of leaves according to the overall shape of the bonsai;
(3) Maintain the integrity of the leaves and avoid excessive pruning.
4. Root pruning
Root pruning is a crucial part of bonsai pruning. The following points should be noted when pruning:
(1) Remove diseased and overly long roots;
(2) Retain the main roots and adjust the distribution of lateral roots;
(3) Adjust the shape of the roots appropriately according to the bonsai shape.
Key points of bonsai maintenance1. Watering
Bonsai watering should follow the principle of 'watering when dry and moist', avoiding waterlogging or drought. Use soft water such as rainwater or river water when watering.
2. Fertilizing
Bonsai fertilizing should be moderate to avoid root burn caused by excessive fertilizing. Fertilizing is generally done in spring and autumn, and organic fertilizers or compound fertilizers can be used.
3. Pest and disease control
Pest and disease control in bonsai should be detected and treated early. The following measures can be taken:
(1) Regularly inspect the bonsai and deal with pests and diseases promptly;
(2) Use biological or chemical pesticides for control;
(3) Maintain proper ventilation and lighting in the bonsai environment.
Pruning bonsai is a task that requires patience and skill. By mastering various pruning techniques and key points of maintenance, I believe you will be able to create exquisite bonsai artworks. In this process, continuous learning and practice will help you go further on the road of bonsai art.